The Role of Physical Therapy in Managing Trigger Finger

Have you ever experienced the frustrating sensation of your finger getting stuck in a bent position, only to suddenly snap straight with a click? If so, you might be familiar with trigger finger, a condition that can significantly disrupt your daily life. While trigger finger can be uncomfortable and limiting, the good news is that physical therapy offers an effective path to relief. In this blog, we will explore what the trigger finger is, how it affects you, and how physical therapy can play a pivotal role in your journey toward recovery.

What Is Trigger Finger?

“Trigger finger” is a real medical condition that can affect your hand and fingers. It’s formally known as stenosing tenosynovitis. It is characterized by the finger getting stuck in a bent position before suddenly snapping straight like the release of a trigger. This condition is not only uncomfortable but can also interfere with everyday tasks.

The Anatomy – Tendons, which are like cords, connect your muscles to your bones and allow you to move your fingers. In the case of your fingers, they run through a sheath called the tendon sheath. When you bend your fingers, these tendons glide smoothly inside the sheath. But in the case of a trigger finger, this does not happen.

How Trigger Finger Develops:

• Tendon Inflammation: It often starts with inflammation in the affected tendon. This inflammation can be caused by activities that strain the hand, such as repetitive gripping or forceful use of the fingers.
• Tendon Sheath Narrowing: As the tendon becomes inflamed, it may become thicker, making it harder to glide smoothly within the tendon sheath.
• Catching and Snapping: When you try to straighten your finger, the thickened tendon gets caught on the sheath, creating a sensation of catching or locking. This is often followed by a sudden release, like pulling the trigger of a gun.

Who’s at Risk:

Several factors can increase the chances of developing a trigger finger. Repetitive hand use, associated with certain occupations or hobbies that require forceful finger use, is a notable risk factor. Additionally, the trigger finger tends to be more prevalent among women and individuals aged between 40 and 60. Underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout can also elevate the risk of developing this condition. Understanding these risk factors is essential in recognizing triggers and seeking timely intervention if symptoms arise.

Benefits Of Physical Therapy For Trigger Finger

Physical therapy offers a range of invaluable benefits for individuals dealing with trigger finger. Here are some of the key advantages of incorporating physical therapy into the treatment plan for trigger finger:

• Non-Invasive Approach: Physical therapy provides a non-surgical and conservative treatment option for the trigger finger, making it a suitable choice for individuals who want to avoid surgery or invasive procedures.
• Pain Reduction: Physical therapists employ various techniques and exercises to help alleviate pain and discomfort associated with trigger finger. These interventions can include manual therapy, stretching, and modalities like ultrasound or heat therapy.
• Improved Range of Motion: Physical therapy aims to restore normal joint function and flexibility in the affected finger or thumb. Therapists work on improving the range of motion, making it easier for patients to move their digits without discomfort.
• Strengthening Muscles: Specific exercises target the muscles of the hand and forearm, enhancing strength and stability. Stronger muscles can provide better support to the affected finger and reduce the risk of further issues.
• Customized Treatment Plans: Physical therapists develop individualized treatment plans tailored to the patient’s unique condition and needs. This personalized approach ensures that the therapy addresses the specific challenges posed by the trigger finger.
• Prevention of Future Complications: Physical therapy not only treats the current symptoms but also focuses on preventing future issues. Therapists emphasize strategies to maintain hand health and reduce the risk of trigger finger recurrence.
• Improved Quality of Life: As symptoms improve and function is restored, individuals experience an enhancement in their overall quality of life. They can perform daily activities and work-related tasks with greater ease and comfort.
• Patient-Centered Care: Physical therapists work closely with patients, monitoring progress and adjusting treatment plans as needed. This patient-centered approach ensures that therapy remains effective throughout the recovery process.

Exercises For Trigger Finger Relief

Trigger finger, with its uncomfortable clicking and locking sensations, can be a bothersome condition. However, there’s hope for relief through a series of exercises that can help improve finger mobility and reduce discomfort. Here are some exercises to consider:

Rubber Band Stretch

• Place a rubber band around the tips of your fingers and thumb on your affected hand.
• Gradually open your fingers against the resistance of the rubber band.
• Hold this position for a few seconds before releasing.
• Repeat this stretch 10-15 times, 2-3 times a day.

Finger Gliding

• Begin by holding your affected hand with the fingers extended.
• Gently use your opposite hand to bend the affected finger at the middle joint, creating a hook shape.
• Slowly glide the bent finger down toward the palm until it’s fully straightened.
• Repeat this gliding motion for 10-15 repetitions, 2-3 times a day.

Tabletop Tapping

• Place your affected hand palm-down on a table, with your fingers extended.
• Begin tapping your fingers on the table surface, starting with the pinkie finger and moving toward the thumb.
• Repeat this tapping sequence for 1-2 minutes, 2-3 times a day.

Finger Circles

• Hold your affected hand in a relaxed position.
• Begin making slow circles with the affected finger, moving it through its full range of motion.
• Complete 10-15 circles in one direction, and then reverse the direction for another 10-15 circles.
• Repeat this exercise 2-3 times a day.

Passive Stretching

• Use your opposite hand to gently and passively stretch the affected finger by bending it at the middle joint.
• Hold the stretch for 15-20 seconds, and then release.
• Perform this stretch 3-4 times a day.

Finger Bends with Resistance

• Place a small resistance band around your fingers.
• Gradually bend your fingers against the resistance of the band.
• Hold the bent position for a few seconds before releasing.
• Repeat this exercise 10-15 times, 2-3 times a day.

Ball Squeezes

• Hold a soft, stress ball or foam ball in your affected hand.
• Gently squeeze the ball with your fingers.
• Hold the squeeze for 5-10 seconds, then release.
• Repeat this exercise 10-15 times, 2-3 times a day.

Preventing The Recurrence Of Trigger Finger

Preventing the recurrence of the trigger finger is essential to minimize the risk of trigger finger. Here are some strategies to help prevent this:

• Hand and Finger Exercises: Continue doing hand and finger exercises prescribed by your physical therapist even after your trigger finger symptoms have improved. These exercises help maintain finger flexibility and strength.
• Ergonomics and Hand Posture: Be mindful of your hand posture during activities. Avoid prolonged or repetitive gripping and forceful finger use. Utilize ergonomic tools and techniques to reduce stress on your hands.
• Use Proper Hand Tools: When working with hand tools or equipment, choose those that are designed to reduce strain on your hands and fingers. Ergonomically designed tools can be beneficial.
• Wrist and Hand Positioning: Pay attention to your wrist and hand positioning during activities like typing or using a computer mouse. Maintain a neutral wrist position to reduce strain.
• Rest and Recovery: Allow your hands to rest and recover, especially if you engage in activities that strain your fingers. Take breaks and stretch your fingers and hands regularly.
• Avoid Repetitive Gripping: Minimize repetitive gripping actions or forceful finger use. If your job or hobbies involve such activities, take measures to reduce their impact. Use tools that require less force.
• Monitor Underlying Conditions: If you have underlying medical conditions such as diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis, work closely with your healthcare provider to manage and control these conditions. Better disease management can reduce the risk of a trigger finger.
• Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: Adopt a healthy lifestyle that includes a balanced diet, regular exercise, and weight management. Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce stress on your fingers and hands.
• Self-Care and Stretching: – Continue practicing self-care techniques recommended by your physical therapist, such as finger stretches and self-massage. These can help prevent stiffness and discomfort.

Conclusion

In conclusion, physical therapy for trigger finger offers a path to relief and recovery. It’s a non-invasive and effective solution that can help you regain pain-free finger movement and improve your overall hand health. By following your therapist’s guidance and staying committed to your exercises, you can look forward to a future with fewer discomforts and more freedom in your fingers.

Physical Therapy helps patients recover from pain. If you’re experiencing Back, Shoulder, Knee, Neck, Elbow, Hip, or Arthritis pain, a physical therapist at PhysioMantra can help: Book an online physical therapy session.